No other country spends what we do per capita for medical care. The care available is among the best technically, even if used too lavishly and thus dangerously, but none of the countries that stand above us in health status have such a high proportion of medically disenfranchised persons. Given the evidence that medical care is not that valuable and access to care not that bad, it seems most unlikely that our bad showing is caused by the significant proportion who are poorly served. Other hypotheses have greater explanatory power: excessive poverty, both actual and relative, and excessive affluence.Excessive poverty is probably more prevalent in the U.S. than in any of the countries that have a better infant mortality rate and female life expectancy at birth. This is probably true also for all but four or five of the countries with a longer male life expectancy. In the notably poor countries that exceed us in male survival, difficult living conditions are a more accepted way of life and in several of them, a good basic diet, basic medical care and basic education, and lifelong employment opportunities are an everyday fact of life. In the U.S. a national unemployment level of 10 percent may be 40 percent in the ghetto while less than 4 percent elsewhere. The countries that have surpassed us in health do not have such severe or entrenched problems. Nor are such a high proportion of their people involved in them.Excessive affluence is not so obvious a cause of ill health, but, at least until recently, few other nations could afford such unhealthful ways of living. Excessive intake of animal protein and fats, dangerous intake of alcohol and use of tobacco and drugs (prescribed and proscribed), and dangerous recreational sports and driving habits are all possible only because of affluence. Our heritage, desires, opportunities, and our machismo, combined with the relatively low cost of bad foods and speedy vehicles, make us particularly vulnerable to our affluence. And those who are not affluent try harder. Our unacceptable health status, then, will not be improved appreciably by expanded medical resources not by their redistribution so much as by a general attempt to improve the quality of life for all.1.All of the following are mentioned in the passage as factors affecting the health of the population EXCEPT （ ）.2.The author is primarily concerned with （ ）.3.The author refers to the excessive intake by Americans of alcohol and tobacco and drug use in order to（ ）.
A.the availability of medical services B.the genetic endowment of individuals C.the nation's relative position in health status D.an individual’s life style
问题2：
A.condemning the U.S. for its failure to provide better medical care to the poor B.evaluating the relative significance of factors contributing to the poor health status in the U.S. C.comparing the general health of the U.S. population with world averages D.advocating specific measures designed to improve the health of the U.S. population
问题3：
A.show that some health problems cannot be attacked by better medical care B.demonstrate that use of tobacco and intoxicants is detrimental to health C.cite examples of individual behavior that have adverse consequences for health status D.illustrate ways in which excessive affluence may contribute to a poor health status
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During the 1960’s and 1970’s, the primary economic development strategy of local governments in the United States was to attract manufacturing industries. Unfortunately, this strategy was usually implemented at another community’s expense: many manufacturing facilities were lured away from their moorings elsewhere through tax incentives and slick promotional efforts. Through the transfer of jobs and related revenues that resulted from this practice, one town’s triumph could become another town’s tragedy.In the 1980’s the strategy shifted from this zero-sum game to one called “high-technology development,” in which local governments competed to attract newly formed high-technology manufacturing firms. Although this approach was preferable to victimizing other geographical areas by taking their jobs, it also had its shortcomings: high-tech manufacturing firms employ only a specially trained fraction of the manufacturing workforce, and there simply are not enough high-tech firms to satisfy all geographic areas.Recently, local governments have increasingly come to recognize the advantages of yet a third strategy: the promotion of homegrown small businesses. Small indigenous businesses are created by a nearly ubiquitous resource, local entrepreneurs, with roots in their communities, these individuals are less likely to be enticed away by incentives offered by another community. Indigenous industry and talent are kept at home, creating an environment that both provides jobs and fosters further entrepreneurship.1. The passage suggests which of the following about the majority of United States manufacturing industries before the high-technology development era of the 1980’s?2.The tone of the passage suggests that the author is most optimistic about the economic development potential of which of the following groups?3.The author of the passage mentions which of the following as an advantage of high-technology development?4.The primary purpose of the passage is to（ ）.
A.They lost many of their most innovative personnel to small entrepreneurial enterprises. B.They experienced a major decline in profits during the 1690’s and 1970’s. C.They could provide real economic benefits to the areas in which they were located. D.They employed workers who had no specialized skills.
问题2：
A.Local governments B.High-technology promoters C.Local entrepreneurs D.Manufacturing-industry managers
问题3：
A.It encourages the modernization of existing manufacturing facilities. B.It does not advantage one local workforce at the expense of another. C.It encourages the growth of related industries. D.It takes full advantage of the existing workforce.
问题4：
A.Advocate more effective strategies for encouraging the development of high—technology enterprises in the United States. B.Contrast the incentives for economic development offered by local governments with those offered by the private sector. C.Acknowledge and counter adverse criticism of programs being used to stimulate local economic development. D.Review and evaluate strategies and programs that have been used to stimulate economic development.
Read the following short paragraph carefully and then translate it into English.
我确信，在这个世界上有许多令人惊喜的事情，有某种比惊喜深刻得多的东西，某种持久而有意义的东西。那些生活在地球上美和神奇的东西之间的人们，不管他是作为科学家的成人还是非科学家的孩子，永远不会孤单或对生活感到厌倦；无论他们的个人生活有什么问题和忧虑，他们的思想都能找到通往内心的满足和对生活重燃激情的途径。那些凝视地球之美的人能找到它们终身受用的力量储备。他们看到在鸟类的迁徙中，在潮水的涨落之中，既有着具体的惊奇，更有着深遂的美。在大自然的反反复复循坏中，有一种具备无限治愈力的东西，黑暗过去是黎明，冬天过后是春天这一永恒的保障。
But McConnell Moore has always drawn great strength from such cartoonish （ ）, which he collects and then displays on his Senate office wall.
A.applauses B.vituperations C.condemns D.appraisals
The tenacious families feuded for generations, and inimical feelings are still fixed in their（ ）.
A.generosity B.antagonism C.acceptance D.hospitality
Despite a tendency to be overtly （ ）, the poetry of the Middle Ages often sparks the imagination and provides lively entertainment, as well as pious sentiments.
A.diverting B.whimsical C.didactic D.deceitful