s="" language,="" griffith="" immensely="" broadened="" its="" range="" and="" treatment="" of="" subjects.="" his="" early="" movies="" included="" not="" only="" the="" standard="" comedies,="" melodramas,="" westerns,="" thrillers,="" but="" also="" such="" novelties="" as="" adaptations="" from="" browning="" tennyson,="" social="" issues.="" success="" mounted,="" ambitions="" grew.="" when="" he="" made="" a="" new="" movie="" in="" 1911,="" insisted="" that="" subject="" importance="" could="" be="" treated="" then="" conventional="" length="" one="" reel.="" reached="" unprecedented="" four="" reels,="" or="" hour’s="" running="" time.="" griffith’s="" introduction="" american-made="" multi-reel="" picture="" began="" an="" immense="" revolution.1.The primary purpose of the passage is to（）2.The author suggests that Griffith’s film innovations had a direct effect on all of the following except （）3.It can be inferred from the passage that before 1910 the normal running time of a film was （）4.It can be inferred that Griffith would be most likely to agree with which of the following statements?5.The author’s attitude toward photography in the cinema before Griffith can be best described as（）'>
Practically speaking, the artistic maturing of the cinema was the single-handed achievement of David W. Griffith (1875-1948). Before Griffith, photography in dramatic films consisted of little more than placing the actors before a stationary camera and showing them in full length as they would have appeared on stage. From the beginning of his career as a director, however, Griffith, because of his love of Victorian painting, employed composition. He conceived of the camera image as having a foreground and a rear ground, as well as the middle distance preferred by most directors. By 1910, he was using close-ups to reveal significant details of the scene or of the acting and extreme long shots to achieve a sense of spectacle and distance. His appreciation of the camera’s possibilities produced novel dramatic effects. By splitting an event into fragments and recording each from the most suitable camera position, he could significantly vary the emphasis from camera shot to camera shot.Griffith also achieved dramatic effects by means of creative editing. By juxtaposing images and varying the speed and rhythm of their presentation, he could control the dramatic intensity of the events as the story progressed. Despite the reluctance of his producers, who feared that the public would not be able to follow such a story, Griffith persisted and experimented as well with other elements which have become standard ever since.Besides developing the cinema's language, Griffith immensely broadened its range and treatment of subjects. His early movies included not only the standard comedies, melodramas, westerns, and thrillers, but also such novelties as adaptations from Browning and Tennyson, and treatment of social issues. As his success mounted, his ambitions grew. When he made a new movie in 1911, he insisted that a subject of importance could not be treated in the then conventional length of one reel. One of his movies reached the unprecedented length of four reels, or one hour’s running time. Griffith’s introduction of the American-made multi-reel picture began an immense revolution.1.The primary purpose of the passage is to（）2.The author suggests that Griffith’s film innovations had a direct effect on all of the following except （）3.It can be inferred from the passage that before 1910 the normal running time of a film was （）4.It can be inferred that Griffith would be most likely to agree with which of the following statements?5.The author’s attitude toward photography in the cinema before Griffith can be best described as（）
A.discuss the importance of Griffith to the development of cinema B.describe the impact on cinema of the flashbacks and other editing innovations C.document Griffith's impact on the choice of subject matter in American films D.deplore the state of American cinema before the Griffith
问题2：
A.film editing B.
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Since the situation is changing, let’s take some（ ）measures to deal with it.
A.available B.changeable C.considerable D.flexible
We are（ ）to the idea, but we doubt whether the time is ripe to put it into force.
A.equal B.adequate C.considerate D.sympathetic
Education is one of the key, words of our time. A man without an education, many of us believe, is an unfortunate victim of unfortunate circumstances deprived of one of the greatest twentieth-century opportunities. Convinced of the importance of education, modem states ‘invest’, in institutions of learning to get back "interest" in the form of a large group of enlightened young men and women who are potential leaders. Education, with its cycles of instruction so care fully worked out, punctuated by text-books—those purchasable wells of wisdom—what would civilization be like without its benefits?So much is certain: that we would have doctors and preachers, lawyers and defendants, marriages and birth; but our spiritual outlook would be different. We would lay less stress on "facts and figures" and more on a good memory, on applied psychology,, and on the capacity of a man to get along with his fellow-citizens. If our educational system were fashioned after its bookless past we would have the most democratic form of "college" imaginable. Among the people whom we like to call savages all knowledge inherited by tradition is shared by all; it is taught to every member of the tribe so that in this respect everybody is equally, equipped for life.It is the ideal condition of the "equal start" which only our most progressive forms of modem education try to regain. In primitive cultures the obligation to seek and to receive the traditional instruction is binding to all. There are no "illiterates"—if the term can be, applied to peoples without a script while our own compulsory school attendance became law in necessary in 1642, in France in 1806, and in England in 1976, and is still non-existent in a number of "civilized" nations. This shows bow long it was before we deemed it necessary to make sure thin all on knowledge accumulated by the "happy few" during the past centuries.Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means. All are entitled to an equal start. There is none of the hurry which, in our society, often hampers the full development of a growing personality. There, a child grows up under the ever-present attention of his parents; therefore the jungles and the savages know of no "juvenile delinquency". No necessity of making a living away from home results in neglect of children, and no father is confronted with his inability to "buy" an education for his child.1. The best title for this passage is（） .2.The word "interest" in paragraph one means （）.3.The author seems（） .4.The passage implies that （）.5.According to the passage, which of the following statement is true?
A.The Significance of Education B.Educational Investment and Its Returns C.Education: A Comparison of Its Past and Its Present D.Education in the Wilderness
问题2：
A.capital profit got back from the investment B.the things young people are interested in C.the well-educated and successful young men and women D.the well-educated young people with leadership potential
问题3：
A.against the education in the very early historic times B.positive about our present educational instruction C.in favor of the educational practice in primitive cultures D.quite happy to see an equal start for everyone
问题4：
A.some families now can hardly afford to send their children to school B.everyone today has an equal opportunity in education C.every, country invests heavily in education D.we are not very certain whether preachers are necessary or not
问题5：
A.One without education today has no opportunities. B.We have not yet decided on our education models. C.Compulsory schooling is legal obligation in several countries now. D.Our spiritual outlook is better now than before.
Fishing and RightsAcidification, warming, the destruction of coral reefs: the biggest problems facing the sea are as vast, deep and seemingly intractable as the oceans themselves. So long as the world fails to cut its emissions of greenhouse gases, cause of the global warming behind these troubles, they will grow. By comparison, overfishing, another great cause, should be easier to put right, especially in the coastal waters where most fishing occurs. And yet it goes on, year after year.Fishermen have every reason to do something. Many fisheries are hurtling towards collapse ; stocks of large fish have been reduced by up to 90% . When stocks are overfished, they yield a smaller catch. The cost of mismanagement, in lost economic output, is huge: some $ 50 billion a year, according to the World Bank.One reason why the pillage continues is that knowledge of fish stocks is poor, especially in developing countries. A new statistical attempt at estimating the remaining shoals, from University of California, Santa Barbara, is therefore welcome— even if that is not true of its findings that stocks are even more ravaged than previously thought. The study found that better understood fisheries are likelier to be healthy. Another reason for overfishing is new technology ( developed, aptly enough, forbattlefields), which makes shoals easier to detect. As large boats and refrigeration have spread, fishing fleets have covered greater distances and hovered up larger catches. Because technology lets fishermen fish with less effort, it disguises just how fast the stocks are depleting.Fishermen generally understand the risks of overfishing. Yet still they flout quotas, where they exist. That is often because they take a short-term view of the asset—they would rather cash in now and invest the money in something else. And it is invariably compounded by a commons-despoiling feeing that if they don't plunder, others will.In most fisheries, the fishermen would make more money by husbanding their resource, and it should be possible to incentivize them to do so. The best way is to give them a defined, long-term right to a share of the fish. In regulated industrial fisheries, as in Iceland, New Zealand and America, this has taken the form of a tradable, individual share of a fishing
Seven years ago, when I was visiting Germany, I met with an official who explained to me that the country had a perfect solution to its economic problems. Watching the U.S. economy（1）during the ‘90s, the Germans had decided that they, too, needed to go the high-technology（2）. But how? In the late ‘90s, the answer schemed obvious: Indians.（3） all, Indian entrepreneurs accounted for one of every three Silicon Valley start-ups. So the German government decided that it would（4） Indians to Term any just as America does by（5） green cards. Officials created something called the German Green Card and（6） that they would issue 20,000 in the first year. （7）, the Germans expected that tens of thousands more Indians would soon be begging to come, and perhaps the（8） would have to be increased. But the program was a failure. A year later（9） half of the 20,000 cards had been issued. After a few extensions, the program was（10）. I told the German official at the time that I was sure the（11） would fail. It's not that I had any particular expertise in immigration policy, （12） I understood something about green cards, because I had one (the American（13）. The German Green Card was misnamed, I argued,（14） it never, under any circumstances, translated into German citizenship. The U.S.green card, by contrast, is an almost（15）path to becoming American (after five years and a clean record). The official（16） my objection, saying that there was no way Germany was going to offer these people citizenship. “we need young teach workers,” he said. “that's what this pro-gram is all（17）.”so Germany was asking bright young（18）to leave their country, culture and families, move thousands of miles away, learn a new language and work in a strange land—but without any（19）of ever being part of their new home. Germany was singing a signal, one that was（20） received in India and other countries, and also by Germany's own immigrant community.
A.soar B.hover C.amplify D.intensify
问题2：
A.circuit B.strategy C.trait D.route
问题3：
A.Of B.After C.In D.At
问题4：
A.import B.kidnap C.convey D.lure
问题5：
A.offering B.installing C.evacuating D.formulating
问题6：
A.conferred B.inferred C.announced D.verified
问题7：
A.Specially B.Naturally C.Particularly D.Consistently
问题8：
A.quotas B.digits C.measures D.scales
问题9：
A.invariably B.literally C.barely D.solely
问题10：
A.repelled B.deleted C.combated D.abolished
问题11：
A.adventure B.response C.initiative D.impulse
问题12：
A.and B.but C.so D.or
问题13：
A.heritage B.revision C.notion D.version
问题14：
A.because B.unless C.if D.while
问题15：
A.aggressive B.automatic C.vulnerable D.voluntary
问题16：
A.overtook B.fascinated C.submitted D.dismissed
问题17：
A.towards B.round C.about D.over
问题18：
A.dwellers B.citizens C.professionals D.amateurs
问题19：
A.prospect B.suspicion C.outcome D.destination
问题20：
A.partially B.clearly C.brightly D.vividly