（ ）is forbidden in some states in the United States for religious reasons, while it is permitted in some other states.

A.Conception B.Abortion C.Delivery D.Perception

Justice in society must include both a fair trial to the accused and the selection of an appropriate punishment for those proven utility. Because justice is regarded as one form of equality, we find in its earlier expression the idea of a punishment equal to the crime. Recorded in the Old Testament is the expression “an eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth. ’’ That is, the individual who has done wrong has committed an offense, society must get even. This can be done only by inflicting an equal injury upon him. This conception of retributive justice is reflected in many parts of the legal codes and procedures of modem times. It is illustrated when demand the death penalty for a person who has com-mitted murder. This philosophy of punishment was supported by the German idealist Hegel. He believed that society owed it to the criminal to administer a punishment equal to the crime he had committed. The criminal had by his own actions denied his true self and it is necessary to do something that will counteract the denial and restore the self has been denied. To the murderer nothing less than giving up his own life will pay his debt. The exaction of the death penalty is a right the state owes the criminal and it should not deny him his true.Modem jurists have tried to replace retributive justice with the notion of corrective justice. The aim of the latter is not to abandon the concept of equality but to find a more adequate way to express it. It tries to preserve the idea of equal opportunity for each individual to realize the best that is in him. The criminal is regarded as being socially ill and in need of treatment that will enable him to become a normal member society. Before a treatment can be administered, the cause of his antisocial behavior must be found. If the cause can be removed, provisions must be made to have this done. Only those criminal who are incurable should be permanently separated from the rest of society. This does not mean that criminals will escape punishment or be quickly returned to take up careers of crime. It means that justice is to heal the individual, not simply to get even with him, If severe punishment is the only adequate means for accomplishing this, it should be administered. However, the individual should be given every opportunity to assume a normal place in society. His conviction of crime must not deprive him of the opportunity to make his way in the society of which he is a part.1.The best title for this passage is（ ）.2.Hegel would view the death sentence for murder as （ ）.3.The passage implies that the basic difference between retributive justice and corrective justice is the （ ）.4.The punishment that would be most inconsistent with the views of corrective justice would be（ ）.

Accidents are caused; they don’t just happen. The reason may be easy to see: an overloaded tray, a shelf out of reach, a patch of ice on the road. But more often than not there is a chain of events leading up to the misfortune — frustration, tiredness or just bad temper — that show what the accident really is, a sort of attack on oneself.Road accidents, for example, happen frequently after a family quarrel, and we all know people who are accident-prone, so often at odds with themselves and the world that they seem to cause accidents for themselves and others.By definition, an accident is something you cannot predict or avoid, and the idea that the majority of road accidents are caused by criminally careless drivers. These show that most accidents involve ordinary drivers and motorists in a moment of carelessness or thoughtlessness.It is not always clear, either, what sort of conditions make people more likely to have an accident. For instance, the law requires all factories to take safety precautions and most companies have safety committees to make sure the regulations are observed, but still, every day in Britain, some forty thousand men and women are absent from work due to an accident. These accidents are largely the result of human error or misjudgment. Noise, fatigue, inattention and worry are possible factors which contribute to this. Doctors have found that those who drink too much, usually those who have a high anxiety level, run three times the normal risk of accidents.1.This passage might be taken from（ ）.2.The writer indicates that （ ）.3.Which of the following is not mentioned as a factor of accidents?4.‘‘Accident-prone’’ (Para. 2) probably means （ ）.5.Which of the following could serve as the best title for this passage?

The veteran worker（ ）me not to inspect the tool machine without first turning off power.

She covered a wide（ ）of topics in the interview.

In China（ ） graduates go abroad to have a further study every year.