Watch out! Here comes London Mayor Boris Johnson riding a bicycle from his new bike hire plan. “What we’ve put in is a new form of public transport. These bikes are going to belong to everybody.”More than 12,000 people have signed up for the plan. They each receive a key at a cost of three pounds, with costs at one pound for a 24-hour membership, five pounds for seven days, and 45 pounds for an annual membership.John Payne, a London teacher who cycles a lot, is among the first to use the system. “It’s very comfortable. For people who don’t cycle much I think it’ll be very useful. But for people who cycle regularly, they are possibly a bit slow. But they’re perfect for London streets, very strong. I think they’ll be very widely used.”And Johnson says it’s of good value. “I think it’s extremely good value. The first half hour is free. If you cycle smart and you cycle around London—most journeys in London take less than half an hour, you can cycle the whole day free.” Some 5,000 bikes are currently available at over 300 docking stations(租车点)in central London. Johnson says the city will gradually expand the system. “Clearly one of our ambitions is to make sure that in 2012 when the world comes to London; they will be able to use London hire bikes to go to the Olympic stadiums.”

1. Mayor Boris Johnson is riding a bicycle to______.2. The author mentions John Payne as an example of people who______.3. According to Boris Johnson one can cycle around London the whole day free_____. 4. The bike hire system will_______.

A.go to work B.attend a competition C.show his love for cycling D.promote his bike hire plan问题2： A.support the bike hire plan B.oppose the bike hire plan C.don’t cycle much D.cycle regularly问题3： A.because most journeys take less than half an hour B.because the bike hire is free for the first time C.if one is physically strong enough D.if one can arrange his London tour in a smart way问题4： A.be provided free for the 2012 Olympic athletes B.be expanded to serve the 2012 Olympic Games C.benefit from the 2012 Olympic Games D.be free of charge for the 2012 Olympic visitors

Once inside the retail location, the shopper receives continuous messages at three levels. Store atmosphere is the overall setting of the store, its design, lighting, fixtures, color, and sound. These are developed to convey a mood or feeling that separates the store from others that sell similar merchandise. The more similar the product offerings of competitors, the more important it is to create a unique environmentBy going into any large shopping mall and walking from one clothing store to another, a shopper can easily experience atmosphere differences. One store will be brightly lit with neatly lined-up pastel plastic racks and pastel walls. Another will be in seeming disarray, with loud rock music and strobe lights. A third will have a wood decor, soft lights, and soft music. Each type of atmosphere is aimed at a particular target market, and each serves as a screen to tell shoppers whether or not they will feel comfortable in the store and what type of merchandise they might expect.“Establishing a mood of shopping ambience has never been more important than it is now,” says Lois Patrich, vice president of sales promotion and advertising with Carson Pirie Scott & Co., a Chicago-based retailer. “Department stores have always had a preponderance of merchandise that you can get at any store. How then does a retailer get a customer to buy at his store? By creating a shopping atmosphere that will motivate him to buy and one that he wants to come back to.Store layout is the arrangement of merchandise to facilitate shopping. The layout tells consumers how to proceed through the store and what pace is expected. An open layout invites shoppers to browse. A cluttered layout sends a signal of business and rushing.An effective layout maximizes customer exposure to merchandise and keeps the customer in the stare longer. Studies show that the longer the customer is in the store, the more money is spent. The layout also should have the high-margin merchandise in the high-traffic areas and the most desired merchandise in the back so that consumers must walk past many other goods. In a supermarket, for example, the meats, dairy products, and produce have the greatest constant demand and are placed at the perimeters so shoppers will need to pass other products to get to them.Merchandise display refers to the organization of goods at a specific place in the store’s layout. Displays communicate at still another level to attract attention to the product, enhance product appeal, and increase the shopper’s propensity to purchase. While these tasks might lead the display design in one direction, the display also needs to be consistent with the store’s atmosphere.1.The subject in this passage is（ ）.2.All of the following are factors the writer says helping create communication between shoppers and individual stores EXCEPT（ ）.3.In Paragraph 3, the word “ambience” means “（ ）”.4.In Paragraph 5, the word “perimeters” means（ ）.5.What does the sentence beginning in Paragraph 2 (“Each type of atmosphere...”) do in relation to the sentences beginning with “One store...Another will...”, and “A third...”?

A.store atmosphere B.store layout C.merchandise display D.ways in which stores communicate
问题2：
A.merchandise display B.advertising store C.store layout D.atmosphere
问题3：
A.appearance B.smell C.sound D.atmosphere
问题4：
A.the outer areas B.the coldest areas C.the least traveled areas D.the smallest areas
问题5：
A.It contradicts the three earlier sentences B.It gives a specific example of what is stated in the three earlier sentences C.It alters the meaning of what is said in the three earlier sentences D.it sums up the three earlier sentences

Centuries ago, man discovered that removing moisture from food helps to preserve it, and that the easiest way to do this is to expose the food to sun and wind. In this way the North American Indians produce pemmican (dried meat ground into powder and made into cakes), the Scandinavians make stockfish and the Arabs dried dates and “apricot leather”.All foods including water ----cabbage and other leaf vegetables contains as much as 93% water, potatoes and other root vegetables 80%, lean meat 75% and fish, anything from 80% to 60%, depending on how fatty it is. If this water is removed, the activity of the bacteria which cause food to go bad is checked.Fruit is sun-dried in Asia Minor, Greece, Spain and other Mediterranean countries, and also in California. South Africa and Australia. The methods used vary, but in general, the fruit is spread out on trays in drying yards in the hot sun. In order to prevent darkening, pears, peaches and apricots are exposed to the fumes of burning sulfur before drying. Plums, for making prunes and certain varieties of grapes for making raisins and currants, arc dipped in an alkaline solution in order to crack the skins of the fruit slightly and remove their wax coating, so as to Increase the rate of drying.Nowadays most foods are dried mechanically. The conventional method of such dehydration is to put food in chambers through which hot air is blown at temperatures of about 110°C at entry to about 43°C at exit. This is the usual method for drying such things as vegetables, minced meat, and fish.Liquids such as milk, coffee, tea, soups and eggs may be dried by pouring them over a heated steel cylinder or by spraying them into a chamber through which a current of hot air passes. In the first case, the dried material is scraped off the roller as a thin film which is then broken up into small, though still relatively coarse flakes. In the second process it falls to the bottom of the chamber as a fine powder. Where recognizable places of meat and vegetables are required, as in soup, the ingredients are dried separately and then mixed.Dried foods take up less room and weigh less than the same food packed in cans or frozen, and they do not need to be stored in special conditions. For these reasons they are invaluable to the climbers, explorers and soldiers in battle, who have little storage space. They are also popular with housewives because it takes so little time to cook them. Usually it is just a case of replacing the dried-out moisture with boiling water.1.The open-air method of drying food（ ）.2.Bacteria which cause food to go bad（ ）.3.Nowadays vegetables are most commonly dried（ ）.4.Dried foods（ ）.5.Housewives like dried foods because they（ ）.

A.is the one most commonly used today B.was invented by the American Indians C.has been known for hundreds of years D.tends to be unhygienic
问题2：
A.cannot live in sunlight B.are killed by drying C.are in no way dependent on the water content D.have their activity greatly reduced by drying
问题3：
A.on horizontal cylinders B.in hot-air chambers C.in the sun and wind D.using the open tray method
问题4：
A.are often packed in cans or frozen B.are used by soldiers and climbers C.need more storage space than soldiers usually have available D.are much cheaper than canned or frozen products
问题5：
A.are quick to prepare B.taste better C.can be preserved by boiling in water D.look fresh and appetizing when cooked

The used car I bought cost four （ ）pounds.

A.thousands B.thousand of C.thousands of D.thousand

compensation.Then there are the poor, where conditions are a little murky. Falling unemployment, anecdotal evidence of rising starting wages for low level service jobs, and the relative non-event of welfare reform so far suggest that conditions at the low end are improving. Yet at the same time, whole communities under siege by crime and hopelessness cannot be ignored.That said, income inequality as a blanket indictment off our economic system does not fly. Income disparity is the gas that runs our economic engine. The ability to someday earn more, to live at a higher standard, is what gets people out of bed in the morning, particularly in our consumer-oriented economy. Income disparity only becomes a problem if it widens to the extent that the labor force believes that greater wealth can only be achieved by the already wealthy.Indeed, it is unreasonable to state that income disparity is eroding the labor force's will to improve productivity and move ahead. Increasing labor force participation, record homeownership, surging consumer confidence and spending, near record levels of immigration, and urban renewal are all anecdotal evidence that hopes are high. All types of people are flourishing in the New Economy and there is sufficient evidence to suggest that most still want their shot at the brass ring.So why are there still very poor households in this country? There are many reasons. Our economy is shifting towards the production of higher value goods and services. Unskilled labor is not valued to the degree that it once was, and unskilled workers are paid accordingly. There has also been a recent surge of immigration into the U.S. Many migrants to this country, particularly those who are unskilled or language challenged, require time to be absorbed into our economy. If skills are lacking, it may take a generation or two to move ahead.It is also important to remember that it is not the ultimate goal of every person to be fabulously rich. One of the fundamentals of economics is that one decides how hard to work, where to work, and what risks to take. Monetary wealth is not the sole means of maximizing utility. Each person has a finite life span and finite abilities; it is up to the individual to apply those as they see fit. The wealthy getting wealthier is not always evidence to others that they themselves are falling behind.

1. In the author’s country,（ ）may benefit from the development of its economy.2. It is implied in this passage that income inequality is（ ）.3. Which of the following statements is TRUE?4. The author believes that income disparity will（ ）.5. The main idea presented in the last paragraph is that（ ）.

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Fundamentally, income disparity describes two disparate groups: rich and poor. It is hardly news that the rich are getting richer. The underlying story is a familiar one: the wealthiest households own the most assets, namely stocks, and asset prices have risen at a ferocious pace in recent years. Beyond the standard explanation, it is also the case that the emergence of technology, rising productivity, and an expanding global market have brought forth a new upper class among corporations. These newly wealthy firms pay skilled employees well and in an ever-tighter labor market, they are forced to constantly sweeten their employees' compensation.Then there are the poor, where conditions are a little murky. Falling unemployment, anecdotal evidence of rising starting wages for low level service jobs, and the relative non-event of welfare reform so far suggest that conditions at the low end are improving. Yet at the same time, whole communities under siege by crime and hopelessness cannot be ignored.That said, income inequality as a blanket indictment off our economic system does not fly. Income disparity is the gas that runs our economic engine. The ability to someday earn more, to live at a higher standard, is what gets people out of bed in the morning, particularly in our consumer-oriented economy. Income disparity only becomes a problem if it widens to the extent that the labor force believes

ve="" known="" for="" a="" long="" time="" high-fat="" diet,="" obesity="" and="" lack="" of="" exercise="" can="" increase="" the="" risk="" developing="" heart="" disease="" type="" 2="" diabetes,="" two="" conditions="" affecting="" millions="" americans.="" what="" we="" are="" finding="" out="" now="" is="" those="" same="" life factors="" also="" play="" an="" important="" role="" in="" cancer.="" that's="" bad="" news.="" good="" news="" you="" do="" something="" about="" your="" lifestyle.="" if="" grew="" thinner,="" exercised="" regularly,="" avoided="" diets="" rich="" red="" meat="" ate="" fruits="" vegetables,="" stopped="" using="" tobacco,="" would="" prevent="" 70="" percent="" all="" cancers. The strongest evidence of the importance of lifestyle in cancer is most common cancers arise at dramatically different rates in different parts of the globe. Several cancers that are extremely common in the United States —colon, prostate and breast cancer — are relatively rare in other parts of the world, occurring only 1/10 or 1/20 as often. Equally striking, when people migrate from other parts of the world to the United States, within a generation their cancer rates approach those of us whose families have lived in this country for a long time. Even if people in other parts of the world live in their own countries, but adopt a U.S. lifestyle, their risk of cancer rises; as Japanese have embraced Western habits, their rates of colon, breast and prostate cancer have skyrocketed. What is it about our lifestyle that raises the risk of many types of cancer? The main culprits seem to be the Western diet, obesity and physical inactivity. While we've known about the importance of tobacco and cancer for more than 50 years, we are just beginning to understand how diet, a healthy body weight and regular exercise can protect us against cancer. A striking example of the profound influence of diet was reported last summer in The Journal of the American Medical Association. Doctors determined the eating habits of patients with colon cancer in the years following surgical removal of the cancer. Over the next five years, those who ate a traditional Western diet had a threefold greater likelihood of developing a recurrence of the disease than did those who ate a “prudent” diet rich in fruits and vegetables and including only small amounts of red meat. How had diet affected these patients? The surgery clearly had not removed all their colon-cancer cells: prior to the surgery, some cells had already spread from the primary tumor. The Western diet had somehow stimulated the growth of these small deposits of residual cancer cells.Obesity is the second most important factor in causing cancer in Western populations after tobacco. There is evidence that maintaining a healthy weight is protective against the disease. A study by the American Cancer Society in 2003 found the heaviest people, in comparison with the leanest, had a significantly increased risk of death from 10 different kinds of cancer in men, and 12 different kinds in women. The most extreme examples were liver cancer in men and uterine cancer in women.

1. According to Paragraph 2, which of the following statements is true?2. The striking example in The Journal of the American Medical Association aims to prove（ ）.3. Which of the following statement is true as to paragraph 5?4. According to the passage, which one has the highest probability in resulting in cancer?5. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

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We've known for a long time a high-fat diet, obesity and lack of exercise can increase the risk of developing heart disease and type 2 diabetes, two conditions affecting millions of Americans. What we are finding out now is those same lifestyle factors also play an important role in cancer. That's the bad news. The good news is you can do something about your lifestyle. If we grew thinner, exercised regularly, avoided diets rich in red meat and ate diets rich in fruits and vegetables, and stopped using tobacco, we would prevent 7