s="" finest="" minds="" believe="" our="" futures="" will="" be.For those of us lucky enough to live that long, 2056 will be a world of almost perpetual youth, where obesity is a remote memory and robots become our companions.We will be rubbing shoulders with aliens and colonizing outer space. Better still, our descendants might at last live in a world at peace with itself. The prediction is that we will have found a source of inexhaustible, safe, green energy, and that science will have killed off religion. If they are right we will have removed two of the main causes of war-our dependence on oil and religious prejudice.Will we really, as today's scientist's claim, be able to live for ever or at least cheat the ageing process so that the average person lives to 150?Of course, all these predictions come with a scientific health warning. Harvard professor Steven Pinker says: “This is an invitation to look foolish, as with the predictions of domed cities and nuclear-powered vacuum cleaners that were made 50 year ago.”Living longerAnthony Attala, director of the Wake Forest Institute in North Carolina, believes failing organs will be repaired by injecting cells into the body. They will naturally to straight to the injury and help heal it. A system of injections without needles could also slow the ageing process by using the same process to “tune” cells.Bruce Lehn, professor of human genetics at the University of Chicago, anticipates the ability to produce” unlimited supplies” of transplantable human organs without the needed a new organ, such as kidney, the surgeon would contact a commercial organ producer, give him the patient's immune-logical profile and would then be sent a kidney with the correct tissue type.These organs would be entirely composed of human cells, grown by introducing them into animal hosts, and allowing them to develop into and organ in place of the animal's own. But Prof. Lehn believes that farmed brains would be “off limits”. He says: “Very few people would want to have their brains replaced by someone else's and we probably don't want to put a human braining an animal body.”Richard Miller, a professor at the University of Michigan, thinks scientist could develop” an then tic anti-ageing drugs” by working out how cells in larger animals such as whales and human resist many forms of injuries. He says:” It's is now routine, in laboratory mammals, to extend lifespan by about 40%. Turning on the same protective systems in people should, by 2056, create the first class of 100-year-olds who are as vigorous and productive as today's people in their 60s”AliensConlin Pillinger, professor of planetary sciences at the Open University, says:”I fancy that at least we will be able to show that life did start to evolve on Mars well as Earth.” Within 50years he hopes scientists will prove that alien life came here in Martian meteorites（隅石）.Chris McKay, a planetary scientist at NASA's Ames Research Center. Believes that in 50 years we may find evidence of alien life in ancient permanent forts of Mars or on other planers.He adds:” There is even a chance we will find alien life forms here on Earth. It might be as different as English is to Chinese.Princeton professor Freeman Dyson thinks it “likely” that life form outer space will be discovered deform 2056 because the tools for finding it, such as optical and radio detection and data processing, are improving.He says:”As soon as the first evidence is found, we will know what to look for and additional discoveries is likely to follow quickly. Such discoveries are likely to have revolutionary consequences for biology, astronomy and philosophy. They may change the way we look at ourselves and our place in the universe.Colonies in spaceRichard Gott professor of astrophysics at Princeton, hopes man will set up a self-sufficient colony on Mars, which would be a “life insurance policy against whatever catastrophes, natural or otherwise, might occur on Earth.“The real space race is whether we will colonies off Earth on to other worlds before money for the space programmed runs
相关问题推荐
At a press conference after the award ceremony the 18-year-old girl spoke in a barely（ ）voice.
A.audible B.optional C.legible D.identical
I don’t think Johnson will succeed in his new job, for he is not（ ）to do that type of work.
A.compatible B.convenient C.consistent D.competent
Seven years ago, when I was visiting Germany, I met with an official who explained to me that the country had a perfect solution to its economic problems. Watching the U.S. economy（1）during the ‘90s, the Germans had decided that they, too, needed to go the high-technology（2）. But how? In the late ‘90s, the answer schemed obvious: Indians.（3） all, Indian entrepreneurs accounted for one of every three Silicon Valley start-ups. So the German government decided that it would（4） Indians to Term any just as America does by（5） green cards. Officials created something called the German Green Card and（6） that they would issue 20,000 in the first year. （7）, the Germans expected that tens of thousands more Indians would soon be begging to come, and perhaps the（8） would have to be increased. But the program was a failure. A year later（9） half of the 20,000 cards had been issued. After a few extensions, the program was（10）. I told the German official at the time that I was sure the（11） would fail. It's not that I had any particular expertise in immigration policy, （12） I understood something about green cards, because I had one (the American（13）. The German Green Card was misnamed, I argued,（14） it never, under any circumstances, translated into German citizenship. The U.S.green card, by contrast, is an almost（15）path to becoming American (after five years and a clean record). The official（16） my objection, saying that there was no way Germany was going to offer these people citizenship. “we need young teach workers,” he said. “that's what this pro-gram is all（17）.”so Germany was asking bright young（18）to leave their country, culture and families, move thousands of miles away, learn a new language and work in a strange land—but without any（19）of ever being part of their new home. Germany was singing a signal, one that was（20） received in India and other countries, and also by Germany's own immigrant community.
A.soar B.hover C.amplify D.intensify
问题2：
A.circuit B.strategy C.trait D.route
问题3：
A.Of B.After C.In D.At
问题4：
A.import B.kidnap C.convey D.lure
问题5：
A.offering B.installing C.evacuating D.formulating
问题6：
A.conferred B.inferred C.announced D.verified
问题7：
A.Specially B.Naturally C.Particularly D.Consistently
问题8：
A.quotas B.digits C.measures D.scales
问题9：
A.invariably B.literally C.barely D.solely
问题10：
A.repelled B.deleted C.combated D.abolished
问题11：
A.adventure B.response C.initiative D.impulse
问题12：
A.and B.but C.so D.or
问题13：
A.heritage B.revision C.notion D.version
问题14：
A.because B.unless C.if D.while
问题15：
A.aggressive B.automatic C.vulnerable D.voluntary
问题16：
A.overtook B.fascinated C.submitted D.dismissed
问题17：
A.towards B.round C.about D.over
问题18：
A.dwellers B.citizens C.professionals D.amateurs
问题19：
A.prospect B.suspicion C.outcome D.destination
问题20：
A.partially B.clearly C.brightly D.vividly
Both civilization and culture are fairly modem words, having come into prominent use during the 19th century by anthropologists, historians, and literary figures. There has been a strong tendency to use them interchangeably as though they mean the same thing, but they are not the same.Although modem in their usage, the two words derived from ancient Latin. The word civilization is based on the Latin civis, of a city. Thus civilization, in its most essential meaning, is the ability of people to live together harmoniously in cities, in social groupings. From this definition it would seem that certain insects, such as ants or bees, are also civilized. They live and work together in social groups. So do some microorganisms. But there is more to civilization, and that is what culture brings to it. So, civilization is inseparable from culture.The word culture is derived from the Latin verb colere, “to till the soil”. But colere also has a wider range of meanings. It may, like civis, mean inhabiting a town or village. But most of its definitions suggest a process c-f starting and promoting growth and development. One may cultivate a garden; one may also cultivate one’s interests, mind, and abilities. In its modem use the word culture refers to all the positive aspects and achievements of humanity that make mankind different from the rest of the animal world. Culture has grown out of creativity, a characteristic that seems to be unique to human beings.One of the basic and best-known features of civilization and culture is the presence of tools. But more important than their simple existence is that the tools are always being improved and enlarged upon, a result of creativity. It took thousands of years to get from the first wheel to the latest, most advanced model of automobile.It is the concept of humans as toolmakers and improvers that differentiates them from other animals. A monkey may use a stick to knock a banana from a tree, but that stick will never, through a monkey’s cleverness, be modified into a hook or a ladder. Monkeys have never devised a spoken language, written a book, composed a melody, built a house, or painted a portrait. To say that birds build nests and beavers their dens is to miss the point. People once lived in caves, but their cleverness, imagination and creativity led them to progress beyond caves to buildings.
1.What does the author think of the words “civilization” and “culture”？2.According to the author the word “civilization” originally refers to（） 3.The Latin verb colere originally means “（ ） ”.4.The author believes that creativity（ ） .5.The author mentions monkeys in the last paragraph to show that（ ） .
A.They are identical. B.They are different concepts. C.They can often be used interchangeably. D.They are denied differently by different people.问题2： A.people’s way of life in cities. B.people’s ability to live together in cities. C.a type of social organizations. D.an advanced level of social life.问题3： A.live in a city. B.develop oneself. C.promote growth D.cultivate the land问题4： A.is a unique feature of civilized beings. B.brings forth the improvement of tools. C.is the result of human development. D.helps the advance of culture.问题5： A.monkeys are the same as birds. B.people once lived in caves like monkeys. C.monkeys can never develop into human beings. D.man is different from other animals such as monkeys.We are（ ）to the idea, but we doubt whether the time is ripe to put it into force.
A.equal B.adequate C.considerate D.sympathetic