Elderly people respond best to a calm and unhurried environment. This is not always easy to provide as their behavior can sometimes be irritating. If they get excited or upset then they may become more confused and more difficult to look after. Although sometimes it can be extremely difficult, it is best to be patient and not to get upset yourself. You should always encourage old people to do as much as possible for themselves but be ready to lend a helping hand when necessary.Failing memory makes it difficult for the person to recall all the basic kinds of information we take for granted. The obvious way to help in this situation is to supply the information that is missing and help them make sense of what is going on. You must use every opportunity to provide information but remember to keep it simple and straightforward.“Good morning Mum. This is Fiona, your daughter. It is eight o’clock, so if you get up now, we can have breakfast downstairs.”When the elderly person makes confused statements e.g. about going out to his or her old employment or visiting a dead relative, correct in a calm matter- of- fact fashion: “You don’t work in the office any more. You are retired now. Will you come and help me with the dishes?”We rely heavily on the information provided by signposts, clocks, calendars and newspapers. These assist us to organize and direct our behavior. Confused old people need these aids all the time to compensate for their poor memory. Encourage them to use reminder boards or diaries for important coming events and label the contents of different cupboards and drawers. Many other aids such as information cards, old photos, scrap books, addresses or shopping lists could help in individual case.

1. Why can’t we always keep calm in front of old people?2. What happens to elderly people’s memory according to the passage?3. Para. 3 provides an example illustrating（ ）.4. Why are old people encouraged to use diaries?5. What is the main subject of the passage?

A.Because old people sometimes annoy us. B.Because old people sometimes don’t understand us. C.Because we are sometimes in a bad mood. D.Because we are sometimes in a hurry.问题2： A.Their memory becomes worse and recall basic things as granted. B.Their memory becomes worse and can’t remember basic things. C.They can’t remember their failures. D.They can only remember past failures.问题3： A.how to provide simple, direct information B.a daughter’s care for her mother C.a daughter’s duty to her mother D.the right procedure of helping the old问题4： A.Because diaries can replace reminder board B.Because diaries are the best way to record important events C.Because diaries help make up for poor memory D.Because diaries can label the contents of cupboards问题5： A.What happens to old people with failing memory B.How to help old people with failing memory C.Why do old people have poor memory D.How to improve bad memory

Centuries ago, man discovered that removing moisture from food helps to preserve it, and that the easiest way to do this is to expose the food to sun and wind. In this way the North American Indians produce pemmican (dried meat ground into powder and made into cakes), the Scandinavians make stockfish and the Arabs dried dates and “apricot leather”.All foods including water ----cabbage and other leaf vegetables contains as much as 93% water, potatoes and other root vegetables 80%, lean meat 75% and fish, anything from 80% to 60%, depending on how fatty it is. If this water is removed, the activity of the bacteria which cause food to go bad is checked.Fruit is sun-dried in Asia Minor, Greece, Spain and other Mediterranean countries, and also in California. South Africa and Australia. The methods used vary, but in general, the fruit is spread out on trays in drying yards in the hot sun. In order to prevent darkening, pears, peaches and apricots are exposed to the fumes of burning sulfur before drying. Plums, for making prunes and certain varieties of grapes for making raisins and currants, arc dipped in an alkaline solution in order to crack the skins of the fruit slightly and remove their wax coating, so as to Increase the rate of drying.Nowadays most foods are dried mechanically. The conventional method of such dehydration is to put food in chambers through which hot air is blown at temperatures of about 110°C at entry to about 43°C at exit. This is the usual method for drying such things as vegetables, minced meat, and fish.Liquids such as milk, coffee, tea, soups and eggs may be dried by pouring them over a heated steel cylinder or by spraying them into a chamber through which a current of hot air passes. In the first case, the dried material is scraped off the roller as a thin film which is then broken up into small, though still relatively coarse flakes. In the second process it falls to the bottom of the chamber as a fine powder. Where recognizable places of meat and vegetables are required, as in soup, the ingredients are dried separately and then mixed.Dried foods take up less room and weigh less than the same food packed in cans or frozen, and they do not need to be stored in special conditions. For these reasons they are invaluable to the climbers, explorers and soldiers in battle, who have little storage space. They are also popular with housewives because it takes so little time to cook them. Usually it is just a case of replacing the dried-out moisture with boiling water.1.The open-air method of drying food（ ）.2.Bacteria which cause food to go bad（ ）.3.Nowadays vegetables are most commonly dried（ ）.4.Dried foods（ ）.5.Housewives like dried foods because they（ ）.

A.is the one most commonly used today B.was invented by the American Indians C.has been known for hundreds of years D.tends to be unhygienic
问题2：
A.cannot live in sunlight B.are killed by drying C.are in no way dependent on the water content D.have their activity greatly reduced by drying
问题3：
A.on horizontal cylinders B.in hot-air chambers C.in the sun and wind D.using the open tray method
问题4：
A.are often packed in cans or frozen B.are used by soldiers and climbers C.need more storage space than soldiers usually have available D.are much cheaper than canned or frozen products
问题5：
A.are quick to prepare B.taste better C.can be preserved by boiling in water D.look fresh and appetizing when cooked

The used car I bought cost four （ ）pounds.

A.thousands B.thousand of C.thousands of D.thousand

If you travel through the villages in the small local buses, you will swiftly come into close（ ）with the local people.

A.carriage B.contact C.choice D.circuit

ve="" known="" for="" a="" long="" time="" high-fat="" diet,="" obesity="" and="" lack="" of="" exercise="" can="" increase="" the="" risk="" developing="" heart="" disease="" type="" 2="" diabetes,="" two="" conditions="" affecting="" millions="" americans.="" what="" we="" are="" finding="" out="" now="" is="" those="" same="" life factors="" also="" play="" an="" important="" role="" in="" cancer.="" that's="" bad="" news.="" good="" news="" you="" do="" something="" about="" your="" lifestyle.="" if="" grew="" thinner,="" exercised="" regularly,="" avoided="" diets="" rich="" red="" meat="" ate="" fruits="" vegetables,="" stopped="" using="" tobacco,="" would="" prevent="" 70="" percent="" all="" cancers. The strongest evidence of the importance of lifestyle in cancer is most common cancers arise at dramatically different rates in different parts of the globe. Several cancers that are extremely common in the United States —colon, prostate and breast cancer — are relatively rare in other parts of the world, occurring only 1/10 or 1/20 as often. Equally striking, when people migrate from other parts of the world to the United States, within a generation their cancer rates approach those of us whose families have lived in this country for a long time. Even if people in other parts of the world live in their own countries, but adopt a U.S. lifestyle, their risk of cancer rises; as Japanese have embraced Western habits, their rates of colon, breast and prostate cancer have skyrocketed. What is it about our lifestyle that raises the risk of many types of cancer? The main culprits seem to be the Western diet, obesity and physical inactivity. While we've known about the importance of tobacco and cancer for more than 50 years, we are just beginning to understand how diet, a healthy body weight and regular exercise can protect us against cancer. A striking example of the profound influence of diet was reported last summer in The Journal of the American Medical Association. Doctors determined the eating habits of patients with colon cancer in the years following surgical removal of the cancer. Over the next five years, those who ate a traditional Western diet had a threefold greater likelihood of developing a recurrence of the disease than did those who ate a “prudent” diet rich in fruits and vegetables and including only small amounts of red meat. How had diet affected these patients? The surgery clearly had not removed all their colon-cancer cells: prior to the surgery, some cells had already spread from the primary tumor. The Western diet had somehow stimulated the growth of these small deposits of residual cancer cells.Obesity is the second most important factor in causing cancer in Western populations after tobacco. There is evidence that maintaining a healthy weight is protective against the disease. A study by the American Cancer Society in 2003 found the heaviest people, in comparison with the leanest, had a significantly increased risk of death from 10 different kinds of cancer in men, and 12 different kinds in women. The most extreme examples were liver cancer in men and uterine cancer in women.

1. According to Paragraph 2, which of the following statements is true?2. The striking example in The Journal of the American Medical Association aims to prove（ ）.3. Which of the following statement is true as to paragraph 5?4. According to the passage, which one has the highest probability in resulting in cancer?5. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

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We've known for a long time a high-fat diet, obesity and lack of exercise can increase the risk of developing heart disease and type 2 diabetes, two conditions affecting millions of Americans. What we are finding out now is those same lifestyle factors also play an important role in cancer. That's the bad news. The good news is you can do something about your lifestyle. If we grew thinner, exercised regularly, avoided diets rich in red meat and ate diets rich in fruits and vegetables, and stopped using tobacco, we would prevent 7

compensation.Then there are the poor, where conditions are a little murky. Falling unemployment, anecdotal evidence of rising starting wages for low level service jobs, and the relative non-event of welfare reform so far suggest that conditions at the low end are improving. Yet at the same time, whole communities under siege by crime and hopelessness cannot be ignored.That said, income inequality as a blanket indictment off our economic system does not fly. Income disparity is the gas that runs our economic engine. The ability to someday earn more, to live at a higher standard, is what gets people out of bed in the morning, particularly in our consumer-oriented economy. Income disparity only becomes a problem if it widens to the extent that the labor force believes that greater wealth can only be achieved by the already wealthy.Indeed, it is unreasonable to state that income disparity is eroding the labor force's will to improve productivity and move ahead. Increasing labor force participation, record homeownership, surging consumer confidence and spending, near record levels of immigration, and urban renewal are all anecdotal evidence that hopes are high. All types of people are flourishing in the New Economy and there is sufficient evidence to suggest that most still want their shot at the brass ring.So why are there still very poor households in this country? There are many reasons. Our economy is shifting towards the production of higher value goods and services. Unskilled labor is not valued to the degree that it once was, and unskilled workers are paid accordingly. There has also been a recent surge of immigration into the U.S. Many migrants to this country, particularly those who are unskilled or language challenged, require time to be absorbed into our economy. If skills are lacking, it may take a generation or two to move ahead.It is also important to remember that it is not the ultimate goal of every person to be fabulously rich. One of the fundamentals of economics is that one decides how hard to work, where to work, and what risks to take. Monetary wealth is not the sole means of maximizing utility. Each person has a finite life span and finite abilities; it is up to the individual to apply those as they see fit. The wealthy getting wealthier is not always evidence to others that they themselves are falling behind.

1. In the author’s country,（ ）may benefit from the development of its economy.2. It is implied in this passage that income inequality is（ ）.3. Which of the following statements is TRUE?4. The author believes that income disparity will（ ）.5. The main idea presented in the last paragraph is that（ ）.

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Fundamentally, income disparity describes two disparate groups: rich and poor. It is hardly news that the rich are getting richer. The underlying story is a familiar one: the wealthiest households own the most assets, namely stocks, and asset prices have risen at a ferocious pace in recent years. Beyond the standard explanation, it is also the case that the emergence of technology, rising productivity, and an expanding global market have brought forth a new upper class among corporations. These newly wealthy firms pay skilled employees well and in an ever-tighter labor market, they are forced to constantly sweeten their employees' compensation.Then there are the poor, where conditions are a little murky. Falling unemployment, anecdotal evidence of rising starting wages for low level service jobs, and the relative non-event of welfare reform so far suggest that conditions at the low end are improving. Yet at the same time, whole communities under siege by crime and hopelessness cannot be ignored.That said, income inequality as a blanket indictment off our economic system does not fly. Income disparity is the gas that runs our economic engine. The ability to someday earn more, to live at a higher standard, is what gets people out of bed in the morning, particularly in our consumer-oriented economy. Income disparity only becomes a problem if it widens to the extent that the labor force believes