（18分）（选修模块3：现代生物科技专题）
请回答下列与哺乳动物精子和卵子发生有关的问题：
（1）精细胞经变形后，高尔基体发育形成精子的顶体，顶体内含有的_____能协助精子穿过卵母细胞的放射冠和透明带。
（2）某动物排卵时，减数第一次分裂尚未完成，此时卵子处于卵母细胞阶段，当该细胞发育至减数第二次分裂_期时，才具备受精能力。若在卵黄膜和透明带之间看到两个极体，则表明过程已完成。
（3）动物的早期胚胎移植到同种且与供体相同的动物体内，使之继续发育为新个体的技术叫做胚胎移植。为了获得更多的早期胚胎，常用激素对供体进行处理，其目的是获得更多的_，经人工受精后可得到早期胚胎。用某染料鉴定胚胎细胞是否为活细胞时，发现活胚胎细胞不能被染色，其原因是活细胞膜__。
（4）若要通过胚胎移植获得遗传物质完全相同的两个新个体，可对发育到桑椹期或囊胚期阶段的早期胚胎进行_处理，再植入到受体内。若要对早期胚胎进行长期保存，应将其置于______条件下。

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