（8分）世界文化遗产荟萃
材料
孔庙、孔林、孔府位于中国山东省曲阜市，合称“三孔”。孔庙是奉祀孔子的庙宇，现拥有各种建筑460余间；孔林又称“至圣林”，是孔子及其后裔的家族墓地，共计有孔氏子孙墓十余万座，林内保存有自汉代以来的墓碑和谒陵题记石刻等共5000余通；孔府又称“衍圣公府”，有各类楼房厅堂共400余间，府内藏有大量珍贵的历史档案、传世文物、历代服饰和用具等。
两千多年来中国历代帝王对孔子的大力推崇使得孔庙、孔林、孔府具有独特的艺术和历史特色。它不仅是名闻天下、内涵丰富的文化类遗产，同时还拥有大量有价值的自然遗产。“三孔”的建筑布局、规划和装饰等方面反映出儒家思想的精髓，其内生长的17000余株古树名木是研究古代物侯、气侯和生态问题的宝贵素材。
——摘编自《世界遗产名录》等
（1）根据材料，说明“三孔”作为世界文化遗产的独特性。（4分）
（2）根据材料，概括指出“三孔”对历史研究的价值。（4分）

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